Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
A
B
C
D
1.
Eubacteria and archaebacteria differ in
a.
the presence of a nucleus.
b.
the composition of their cell
wall.
c.
size.
d.
the presence of a cell wall.
A
B
C
D
2.
Unlike
eubacteria, archaebacteria
a.
have a cell wall.
b.
are prokaryotes.
c.
have two cell membranes.
d.
are thought to be the ancestors of
eukaryotes.
Figure 19-2
A
B
C
D
3.
Figure
19-2 shows how prokaryotes can be identified by
a.
the composition of their cell
walls.
b.
their reaction to
the Gram stain.
c.
their cell shapes.
d.
their methods for obtaining
energy.
A
B
C
D
4.
Which
structures in Figure 19-2 are cocci?
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
none of the above
A
B
C
D
5.
Which
of the following are factors used to identify prokaryotes?
a.
cell shape
b.
the way prokaryotes move
c.
the way prokaryotes obtain
energy
d.
all of the
above
A
B
C
D
6.
Where
are you likely to find a photoautotroph?
a.
in your refrigerator
b.
in the darkness of the ocean
c.
in the human gut
d.
near the surfaces of lakes, streams, and
oceans
A
B
C
D
7.
Unlike
photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs obtain energy
a.
directly from the sun.
b.
directly from inorganic
molecules.
c.
indirectly from
organic molecules.
d.
indirectly from other organisms.
A
B
C
D
8.
Most
prokaryotes are
a.
heterotrophs.
b.
photoautotrophs.
c.
chemoautotrophs.
d.
photoheterotrophs.
A
B
C
D
9.
Which
of the following describes an ecological role of bacteria in the environment?
a.
carrying out photosynthesis
b.
recycling nutrients
c.
fixing nitrogen
d.
all of the above
A
B
C
D
10.
As
decomposers, bacteria
a.
fix nitrogen.
b.
carry out photosynthesis.
c.
fight off viruses.
d.
recycle nutrients.
A
B
C
D
11.
In
which of the following places are you most likely to find nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
a.
the atmosphere
b.
lakes and streams
c.
the roots of soybean plants
d.
a bag of nitrogen fertilizer
A
B
C
D
12.
Food
poisoning is an example of bacteria
a.
releasing toxins that make you
sick.
b.
breaking down the
body's tissues.
c.
resisting antibiotics.
d.
going through the lytic cycle.
A
B
C
D
13.
The
few bacteria that cause disease are called
a.
viruses.
b.
pathogens.
c.
endospores.
d.
antibiotics.
A
B
C
D
14.
A
bacterial infection results when bacteria
a.
break down the body's tissues.
b.
lyse following the lytic cycle.
c.
live as obligate aerobes in the absence of
oxygen.
d.
undergo
conjugation inside the body.
A
B
C
D
15.
Which
of the following diseases is NOT caused by bacteria?
a.
tooth decay
b.
tuberculosis
c.
AIDS
d.
Salmonella food poisoning
A
B
C
D
16.
Bacteria are used to make which of the following foods?
a.
cheese
b.
yogurt
c.
pickles
d.
all of the above
A
B
C
D
17.
Food
that is stored in your refrigerator will keep longer because the bacteria that spoil
food
a.
die at low
temperatures.
b.
grow more slowly
at low temperatures.
c.
require light to live.
d.
grow more slowly in the dark.
A
B
C
D
18.
Which
of the following is a characteristic of bacteria that is key to keeping them under
control?
a.
Most bacteria
cannot survive high temperatures for long periods.
b.
Most bacteria are resistant to harmful
chemicals.
c.
Most bacteria
form endospores when subjected to harsh conditions.
d.
Most bacteria do not attack human
foods.
A
B
C
D
19.
Which
of the following is NOT a form of sterilization?
a.
refrigeration
b.
boiling
c.
chemical disinfection
d.
frying
A
B
C
D
20.
A
virus's outer protein coat is called a
a.
DNA core.
b.
capsid.
c.
bacteriophage.
d.
tail sheath.
A
B
C
D
21.
All
viruses are made of proteins and
a.
nucleic acids.
b.
prophages.
c.
bacteriophages.
d.
endospores.
A
B
C
D
22.
The
instructions for making new copies of a virus are
a.
a part of a virus's capsid.
b.
coded in surface proteins attached to the protein
coat.
c.
coded in either
RNA or DNA.
d.
found only in
bacteriophages.
A
B
C
D
23.
What
is the basic structure of a virus?
a.
DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein
coat
b.
a capsid
surrounded by a protein coat
c.
a tail sheath surrounded by tail
fibers
d.
a tiny cell
surrounded by a cell wall
A
B
C
D
24.
A
lytic infection concludes with the
a.
embedding of viral DNA into the host cell's DNA
.
b.
production of a
prophage.
c.
bursting of the
host cell.
d.
production of
messenger RNA.
A
B
C
D
25.
During
a lytic infection, the host cell is
a.
destroyed.
b.
prepared for the lysogenic
cycle.
c.
copied many times
over.
d.
all of the
above
