Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
A
B
C
D
1.
A
mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an)
a.
chromosomal mutation.
b.
inversion.
c.
point mutation.
d.
translocation.
A
B
C
D
2.
Which
type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code?
a.
rRNA
b.
tRNA
c.
mRNA
d.
RNA polymerase
A
B
C
D
3.
In
eukaryotes, DNA
a.
is located in the
nucleus.
b.
floats freely in
the cytoplasm.
c.
is located in the
ribosomes.
d.
is
circular.
A
B
C
D
4.
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
a.
adenine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage
of guanine molecules.
b.
pyrimidines in DNA is about equal to the percentage of
purines.
c.
purines in DNA is
much greater than the percentage of pyrimidines.
d.
cytosine molecules in DNA is much greater than the
percentage of guanine molecules.
A
B
C
D
5.
Which
of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
a.
ribose, phosphate groups, and
adenine
b.
deoxyribose,
phosphate groups, and guanine
c.
phosphate groups, guanine, and
cytosine
d.
phosphate groups,
guanine, and thymine
A
B
C
D
6.
Unlike
DNA, RNA contains
a.
adenine.
b.
uracil.
c.
phosphate groups.
d.
thymine.
A
B
C
D
7.
How
many main types of RNA are there?
a.
1
b.
3
c.
hundreds
d.
thousands
A
B
C
D
8.
Genes
contain instructions for assembling
a.
purines.
b.
nucleosomes.
c.
proteins.
d.
pyrimidines.
A
B
C
D
9.
How
many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
A
B
C
D
10.
What
is produced during transcription?
a.
RNA molecules
b.
DNA molecules
c.
RNA polymerase
d.
proteins
A
B
C
D
11.
DNA
replication results in two DNA molecules,
a.
each with two new strands.
b.
one with two new strands and the other with two original
strands.
c.
each with one new
strand and one original strand.
d.
each with two original strands.
A
B
C
D
12.
RNA
contains the sugar
a.
ribose.
b.
deoxyribose.
c.
glucose.
d.
lactose.
Figure 12-1
A
B
C
D
13.
Figure
12-1 shows the structure of a(an)
a.
DNA molecule.
b.
amino acid.
c.
RNA molecule.
d.
protein.
A
B
C
D
14.
DNA is
copied during a process called
a.
replication.
b.
translation.
c.
transcription.
d.
transformation.
A
B
C
D
15.
What
happens during the process of translation?
a.
Messenger RNA is made from DNA.
b.
The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce
proteins.
c.
Transfer RNA is
made from messenger RNA.
d.
Copies of DNA molecules are
made.
Figure 12-2
A
B
C
D
16.
What
does Figure 12-2 show?
a.
anticodons
b.
the order in which amino acids are
linked
c.
the code for
splicing mRNA
d.
the genetic
code
A
B
C
D
17.
Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by
a.
RNA.
b.
DNA.
c.
proteins.
d.
carbohydrates.
A
B
C
D
18.
During
DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the
bases
a.
TCGAAC.
b.
GATCCA.
c.
AGCTTG.
d.
GAUCCA.
A
B
C
D
19.
Which
type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
a.
transfer RNA only
b.
messenger RNA only
c.
ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA
only
d.
messenger RNA,
ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
Figure 12-1
20.
The
structure labeled X in Figure 12-1 is a(an) ____________________.
Figure 12-3
21.
Figure
12-3 shows three types of ____________________.
22.
The
Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which two strands are wound
around each other.
23.
During
transcription, the _________________________ between base pairs are broken.
24.
The
____________________ of a tRNA molecule determines the type of amino acid that bonds with the
tRNA.
25.
The
order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of ____________________ in
proteins.
